IPA: Difference between revisions
From Leo's Notes
This page was last edited on 23 May 2020, at 22:20.
work in progress |
mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
The IPA English help page on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English is a great resource on IPA pronunciation. | The IPA English help page on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English is a great resource on IPA pronunciation. he notes here is based off that but with notes targeted to how I speak. | ||
== Vowels == | ==Vowels== | ||
There are short and long vowels. | There are short and long vowels. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
ɔː (*) is British pronunciation. north is 'n-awe-th' knawth | |||
!Short | !Short | ||
!Front | !Front | ||
| Line 11: | Line 12: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Close | |Close | ||
|ɪ k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror | |ɪ k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror, '''e'''dition | ||
|ʊ f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k | |ʊ f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 21: | Line 22: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Open | |Open | ||
|æ tr'''a'''p, | |æ tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition | ||
|ʌ c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix | |ʌ c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 30: | Line 31: | ||
!Back | !Back | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |b'''ea'''r | ||
|ɜː n'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry | |ɜː n'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 45: | Line 40: | ||
|ɑː f'''a'''ther, br'''a''', st'''a'''rt | |ɑː f'''a'''ther, br'''a''', st'''a'''rt | ||
|} | |} | ||
Canadian/American English pronounces /ɔː/ and /ɒ/ the same. Eg. cot and caught. | |||
Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs. | Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs. | ||
| Line 54: | Line 49: | ||
! | ! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |eɪ | ||
|a | |a | ||
|/beɪ/, bay | |/beɪ/, bay. eɪər pl'''ayer''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |aɪ | ||
|i | |i | ||
|/baɪ/, buy. p'''ie'''. aɪər, hire, aɪ.ər, hi'''gher''' | |/baɪ/, buy. p'''ie'''. aɪər, hire, aɪ.ər, hi'''gher''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |ɔɪ | ||
|a-oy | |a-oy | ||
|/bɔɪ/, boy | |/bɔɪ/, boy. ɔɪ.ər empl'''oyer''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |əʊ | ||
|eau | |eau | ||
|/bəʊ/, beau | |/bəʊ/, beau | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |aʊ | ||
|ow | |ow | ||
|/baʊ/, bough, bow (verb). aʊər flour. | |/baʊ/, bough, bow (verb). aʊər flour. | ||
|- | |||
|oʊ | |||
|oh | |||
|g'''oa'''t, m'''o'''wer | |||
|} | |} | ||
Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard? | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! | |+ | ||
! | !Word | ||
! | !British | ||
!North American | |||
|- | |||
|near | |||
|/ˈnɪər/ ne-ar | |||
|/'nʊər/ neer | |||
|- | |||
|cure | |||
|/ˈkjʊər/ cue-er | |||
|/'kjuːr/ queuer | |||
|- | |||
|square | |||
|/ˈskwɛər/ | |||
|/ˈskwiːr/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |caught | ||
| | |/'kɔːt/ | ||
|/'kɒt'/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br /> | |||
== Consonants == | ==Consonants== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
| Line 226: | Line 238: | ||
|ʒ | |ʒ | ||
|pleasure, beige | |pleasure, beige | ||
| | |||
|} | |||
== Common Mistakes == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!Word | |||
!IPA | |||
!Incorrect | |||
|- | |||
|mischievous | |||
|/'mɪs tʃə vəs/ | |||
|/'mɪs tʃe ve ʌs/ (mis-che-vi-ous) with an extra syllable. | |||
|- | |||
|triathlon | |||
|/'traɪ'æθ lɒn/ | |||
|/'traɪ'æθ a:lɒn/ (tri-ath-a-lon), with an extra syllable. | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 22:20, 23 May 2020
The IPA English help page on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English is a great resource on IPA pronunciation. he notes here is based off that but with notes targeted to how I speak.
Vowels
There are short and long vowels.
| Short | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | ɪ kit, mirror, edition | ʊ foot, cook | |
| Mid | e, ɛ dress merry | ə ago, sofa | ɒ lot, orange, neon |
| Open | æ trap, tattoo, ambition | ʌ curry, un-prefix | |
| Long | Front | Central | Back |
| bear | ɜː nurse furry | ||
| Open | ɑː father, bra, start |
Canadian/American English pronounces /ɔː/ and /ɒ/ the same. Eg. cot and caught.
Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs.
| eɪ | a | /beɪ/, bay. eɪər player |
| aɪ | i | /baɪ/, buy. pie. aɪər, hire, aɪ.ər, higher |
| ɔɪ | a-oy | /bɔɪ/, boy. ɔɪ.ər employer |
| əʊ | eau | /bəʊ/, beau |
| aʊ | ow | /baʊ/, bough, bow (verb). aʊər flour. |
| oʊ | oh | goat, mower |
Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?
| Word | British | North American |
|---|---|---|
| near | /ˈnɪər/ ne-ar | /'nʊər/ neer |
| cure | /ˈkjʊər/ cue-er | /'kjuːr/ queuer |
| square | /ˈskwɛər/ | /ˈskwiːr/ |
| caught | /'kɔːt/ | /'kɒt'/ |
Consonants
| IPA | Eample | |
|---|---|---|
| b | buy, cab | |
| d | dye, cad, ladder | |
| dj | dew | |
| dʒ | giant, badge, joy | |
| f | fan, leaf | |
| g | guy, bag | |
| h | high, ahead | |
| hw | whine | |
| j | yes, hallelujah | |
| k | sky, crack | |
| l | lie, sly, gal | |
| lj | lute | |
| m | my, smile, cam | |
| n | nigh, snide, can | |
| nj | new | |
| ŋ | sang, sink, singer | |
| p | pie, spy, cap | |
| r | rye, try, very | |
| s | sigh, mass | |
| sj | consume | |
| ʃ | shy, cash, emotion | |
| t | tie, sty, cat, latter | |
| tj | tune | |
| tʃ | china, catch | |
| ð | thy, breathe, father | |
| θ | thigh, math | |
| θj | enthuse | |
| v | vine, leave | |
| w | wine, swine | |
| z | zoo, has | |
| zj | Zeus | |
| ʒ | pleasure, beige |
Common Mistakes
| Word | IPA | Incorrect |
|---|---|---|
| mischievous | /'mɪs tʃə vəs/ | /'mɪs tʃe ve ʌs/ (mis-che-vi-ous) with an extra syllable. |
| triathlon | /'traɪ'æθ lɒn/ | /'traɪ'æθ a:lɒn/ (tri-ath-a-lon), with an extra syllable. |