FreeBSD Cheat Sheet

FreeBSD Ports

Recursively Configure Ports

make config-recursive

Ports Update / Upgrade

portsnap fetch
portsnap update   

or if you are doing this the first time, run:

portsnap fetch
portsnap extract

You may also get the ports from svn:

svn co svn://svn.freebsd.org/base/releng/9.1 /usr/src
svn up /usr/src

Upgrade FreeBSD

# mv /usr/src /usr/src.old
# svn co svn://svn.freebsd.org/base/release/9.1.0 /usr/src

To build and install 9.1-RELEASE:

# mergemaster -p
# cd /usr/src
# make buildworld
# make buildkernel
# make installkernel
# reboot
# cd /usr/src
# make installworld
# mergemaster -iU
# reboot

User Management

FreeBSD

Create a new user with a home directory /home/username:

pw useradd -n username -s /bin/sh -m

Remove a user and their home directory:

pw userdel -n username -r

Create a new group

pw groupadd groupname

Show group

pw groupshow groupname

Set user to group

pw groupmod groupname -M username,user2,user3

Add user to group

pw groupmod groupname -m user4

Disable SELinux

Temporary:

echo 0 > /selinux/enforce

Permanently:

vi /etc/selinux/config
# Change to SELINUX=disabled

Pack & Unpack initird.img

Extracting initrd.img

mkdir initrd_test
cd initrd_test
gzip -dc < ../initrd.img | cpio -i

Packing initrd.img

cd initrd_test
find . | cpio -o -c | gzip -9 > ../initrd.img

Create Driver Disk

# Create a blank, 20MB image
dd if=/dev/zero of=driverdisk.img bs=1M count=20

# Format the image with ext2
mkfs -t ext2 -q driverdisk.img

# mount it and copy the files over
mount -o loop driverdisk.img /mnt/driverdisk

# copy drivers to /mnt/driverdisk, then run
umount /mnt/tmp

List Installed Packages

rpm -qa
rpm -qi <package name>