IPA - Revision history

Leo: Added categories and navbox

2021-12-30T01:05:33Z

Added categories and navbox

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:05, 30 December 2021
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	===Scottish===		===Scottish===
	http://jackytappet.tripod.com/scots.htm		http://jackytappet.tripod.com/scots.htm
	~~<br />~~

			{{Navbox Language}}
			[[Category:Language]]

Leo: /* Vowels */

2020-05-24T04:56:59Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:56, 24 May 2020
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	aː '''a'''ye		aː '''a'''ye

	aː p'''a'''lm (RP), br'''a'''~~, '''a'''rt~~		aː p'''a'''lm (RP), br'''a'''
	\|		\|
	\|ɒ th'''ough'''t (US, rhyme b'''o'''t), l'''o'''t, ne'''o'''n		\|ɒ th'''ough'''t (US, rhyme b'''o'''t), l'''o'''t, ne'''o'''n
	ɑ b'''o'''dy, m'''o'''del, h'''o'''t (rounded version of ɒ~~, equiv. to. a?~~)		ɑ b'''o'''dy, m'''o'''del, h'''o'''t, st'''a'''rt (rounded version of ɒ)

	ɑː c'''ar'''d		ɑː c'''ar'''d

Leo: /* Vowels */

2020-05-24T04:53:00Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:53, 24 May 2020
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	\|+		\|+
	ɔː is used in RP. Eg. not /nɔt/ rhyming with ought while General American English pronounces this as /nɒt/.		ɔː is used in RP. Eg. not /nɔt/ rhyming with ought while General American English pronounces this as /nɒt/.


	ɘ is called a ''schwa'' and has no jaw drop		ɘ is called a ''schwa'' and has no jaw drop
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	ʊː m'''oo'''d f'''oo'''d		ʊː m'''oo'''d f'''oo'''d
	\|u t'''o''', St'''u'''nde, '''U'''hr		\|u t'''o''', St'''u'''nde, '''U'''hr
			uː b'''oo'''t, F'''u'''ß
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mid		\|Mid
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	ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n		ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n
	\|ʌ th'''u'''mb '''u'''p, f'''u'''n, c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix		\|ʌ th'''u'''mb '''u'''p, f'''u'''n, c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix
	ɔ b'''o'''rn sw'''o'''rd p'''aw''', (rounded of ʌ)		ɔ '''o'''range, b'''o'''rn, sw'''o'''rd p'''aw''', (rounded of ʌ)

	ɔː th'''ough'''t, sh'''or'''e (RP)		ɔː th'''ough'''t (RP), sh'''or'''e (RP)
	\|-		\|-
	\|Open		\|Open
	\|æ c'''a'''t, tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition		\|æ c'''a'''t, tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition
	aː h'''a'''t, p'''a'''n		aː '''a'''ye

			aː p'''a'''lm (RP), br'''a''', '''a'''rt
	\|		\|
	\|ɒ b'''o'''dy, l'''o'''t, '''o'''~~range~~, ne'''o'''n		\|ɒ th'''ough'''t (US, rhyme b'''o'''t), l'''o'''t, ne'''o'''n
	ɑ m'''o'''del, h'''o'''t (rounded version of ɒ)		ɑ b'''o'''dy, m'''o'''del, h'''o'''t (rounded version of ɒ, equiv. to. a?)

	ɑː c'''ar'''d		ɑː c'''ar'''d

Leo: /* Vowels */

2020-05-24T04:11:56Z

Vowels

Show changes

Leo: /* Vowels */

2020-05-24T03:20:32Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:20, 24 May 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
	The IPA English help page on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English is a great resource on IPA pronunciation. he notes here is based off that but with notes targeted to how I speak.		The IPA English help page on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English is a great resource on IPA pronunciation. he notes here is based off that but with notes targeted to how I speak.

			If you want to practice IPA, use a transcription service to convert normal text into IPA such as https://tophonetics.com/

	==Vowels==		==Vowels==
	~~There are short and long vowels~~.		Vowels with words as I would say them.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Close		\|Close
	\|ɪ Engl'''i'''sh sh'''i'''p, k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror, '''e'''dition		\|i l'''e'''ast, th'''e'''
			ɪ Engl'''i'''sh sh'''i'''p, k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror, '''e'''dition
	ɪː ch'''ee'''se, ch'''ee'''k		ɪː ch'''ee'''se, ch'''ee'''k
	\|ʊ p'''u'''ll b'''u'''ll, f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k		\|ʊ p'''u'''ll b'''u'''ll, f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k
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	Central vowels		Central vowels
	\|e w'''e'''t p'''e'''t		\|e w'''e'''t p'''e'''t
			ɛ b'''e'''d, '''ai'''r
	\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''		\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''
	ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n		ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n
	\|ɔː b'''or'''n sw'''or'''d p'''aw'''		\|ʌ th'''u'''mb '''u'''p, c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix
			ɔː b'''or'''n sw'''or'''d p'''aw''', (rounded of ʌ)
	\|-		\|-
	\|Open		\|Open
	\|æ c'''a'''t, tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition		\|æ c'''a'''t, tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition
	aː ~~say~~ ''''~~ahh~~''~~'<nowiki/>'~~		aː h'''a'''t
	\|~~ʌ th'''u'''mb '''u'''p, c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix~~		\|
	\|ɒ b'''o'''dy, l'''o'''t, '''o'''range, ne'''o'''n		\|ɒ b'''o'''dy, l'''o'''t, '''o'''range, ne'''o'''n
			ɑ h'''o'''t, m'''o'''del (rounded version of ɒ)
	\|}Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs.		\|}Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|		\|
	\|t'''ower''', h'''our''', fl'''ower''', c'''ower'''		\|t'''ower''', h'''our''', fl'''ower''', c'''ower'''
			\|-
			\|ɔːr
			\|
			\|w'''ar'''
	\|}		\|}
	Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?		Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?
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	\|-		\|-
	\|v		\|v
	\|~~vine~~, ~~leave~~		\|'''v'''ine /vaɪn/, lea'''v'''e, o'''f''' /ʌv/
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-

Leo at 00:51, 24 May 2020

2020-05-24T00:51:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:51, 24 May 2020
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	\|ɪr		\|ɪr
	\|ear		\|ear
	\|~~near~~, ~~beer~~, ~~deer~~, ~~here~~		\|n'''ear''', b'''eer''', d'''eer''', h'''ere'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|ɜr		\|ɜr
	\|		\|
	\|~~square~~, ~~care~~, ~~fair~~		\|squ'''are''', c'''are''', f'''air'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|ar		\|ɑr
	\|		\|
	\|~~part~~, ~~large~~,		\|p'''ar'''t, l'''ar'''ge, m'''ar'''velous, he'''ar'''th
			\|-
			\|ɔr
			\|
			\|n'''or'''th, f'''or''', w'''ar''', h'''or'''se, sh'''or'''t, '''or'''chid, sw'''ar'''m
			\|-
			\|aɪr
			\|
			\|f'''ire''', sapph'''ire''', liar, buyer
			\|-
			\|aʊr
			\|
			\|t'''ower''', h'''our''', fl'''ower''', c'''ower'''
	\|}		\|}
	Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?		Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?
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	\|l		\|l
	\|lie, sly, gal		\|lie, sly, gal
	\|
	\|-
	\|
	\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|/'wʊstɘrʃɘr/		\|/'wʊstɘrʃɘr/
	\|the first 'r' is dropped. 'shire' is like in New Hampshire and sounds like 'sure'.		\|the first 'r' is dropped. 'shire' is like in New Hampshire and sounds like 'sure'.
			\|-
			\|hearth
			\|/'hɑrθ/
			\|/'hɜrθ/ like 'h' + 'earth'. Should sound like the first half of harp.
	\|}		\|}

	== Accents ==		==Accents==
	British greets with "hello love"		British greets with "hello love"

	=== Received Pronunciation ===		===Received Pronunciation===
			Sound like a rich posh English person on the BBC.

	* bath and path has an extra long 'a'. baah-th , paah-th.		*bath and path has an extra long 'a'. baah-th , paah-th.
	* -ile endings are pronounced unlike North American. Eg. missile, fertile.		*-ile endings are pronounced unlike North American. Eg. missile, fertile.
	* 'r' sounds become 'a' like sounds.		*'r' sounds become 'a' like sounds; must be separated if not, and smoothed if it cannot be separated (-ire, -our)
	** ɪr becomes ɪə. beer, bee-ah. sincere, sincere-ah		**ɪr becomes ɪə. beer, bee-ah. sincere, sincere-ah
	** ɜr becomes ɜə. care, caye-ah, fair, faye-ah.		**ɜr becomes ɜə. care, caye-ah, fair, faye-ah.
	** ɑr becomes ɑː (super long a). part, paah-t.		**ɑr becomes ɑː (super long a). part, paah-t.
			**ɒr needs to be separated. Awe: Orange (Or-range, awe-range). porridge (pour-ridge, pawe-ridge). or All: Dorothy (dor-rithy, dall-rithy), historical (his-tor-rical, his-tall-rical).

	=== Cockney / Estuary ===		===Cockney / Estuary===

	* th becomes f. three, free.		*th becomes f. three, free.
	* 'l' becomes aw or w. milk, mil-ale-k. mail mawl..sdjf		*'l' becomes aw or w. milk, mil-ale-k. mail mawl..sdjf
	* 'h' gets dropped. harry, 'arry. have, 'ave.		*'h' gets dropped. harry, 'arry. have, 'ave.
	* t is a glottal stop. computer, compu'er.		*t is a glottal stop. computer, compu'er.
	* wales is 'wows'.		*wales is 'wows'.

	=== Midland / Northern ===		===Midland / Northern===

	* cup of tea. cup becomes kuh-p .		*cup of tea. cup becomes kuh-p .
	* mug muh-g.		*mug muh-g.
	* up, uh-p		*up, uh-p
	* love, luuv		*love, luuv

	=== Scottish ===		===Scottish===
	http://jackytappet.tripod.com/scots.htm		http://jackytappet.tripod.com/scots.htm
	<br />		<br />

Leo at 00:28, 24 May 2020

2020-05-24T00:28:05Z

@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 |a-oy
 |/bɔɪ/, boy. ɔɪ.ər empl'''oyer'''
 |-
 |əʊ
 |eau
-|/bəʊ/, beau
+|/bəʊ/, beau,
 |-
 |aʊ
@@ Line 65: / Line 67: @@
 |oʊ
 |oh
-|g'''oa'''t, m'''o'''wer
+|g'''oa'''t, m'''o'''wer, h'''o'''me
 |-
 |juː
 |you
 |y'''ou'''
 |}
 Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?
@@ Line 262: / Line 276: @@
 |the first 'r' is dropped. 'shire' is like in New Hampshire and sounds like 'sure'.
 |}

Leo: /* Consonants */

2020-05-23T23:12:24Z

Consonants

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:12, 23 May 2020
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Mid		\|Mid
			Central vowels
	\|e w'''e'''t p'''e'''t		\|e w'''e'''t p'''e'''t
	\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''		\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''
	ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n		ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n
	\|ɔː b'''or'''n sw'''or'''d		\|ɔː b'''or'''n sw'''or'''d p'''aw'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|Open		\|Open
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	\|a		\|a
	\|/beɪ/, bay. eɪər pl'''ayer'''		\|/beɪ/, bay. eɪər pl'''ayer'''
			\|-
			\|ea
			\|
			\|hair
	\|-		\|-
	\|aɪ		\|aɪ
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	\|aʊ		\|aʊ
	\|ow		\|ow
	\|/baʊ/, bough, bow (verb). aʊər flour.		\|/baʊ/, bough, bow (verb). aʊər flour. mouth
	\|-		\|-
	\|oʊ		\|oʊ
	\|oh		\|oh
	\|g'''oa'''t, m'''o'''wer		\|g'''oa'''t, m'''o'''wer
			\|-
			\|juː
			\|you
			\|y'''ou'''
	\|}		\|}
	Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?		Some subtleties between British and North American pronunciations are given in the table below. 'r's before vowels are hard?
Line 194:		Line 203:
	\|-		\|-
	\|tʃ		\|tʃ
	\|china, catch		\|china, catch, chair
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|ð		\|ð
	\|thy, breathe, father		\|thy, breathe, father
			ð is the voiced version of θ
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|pleasure, beige		\|pleasure, beige
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}<br />

	==Common Mistakes==		==Common Mistakes==
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Leo: /* Vowels */

2020-05-23T22:55:35Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:55, 23 May 2020
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
	ɔː (*) is British pronunciation. north is 'n-awe-th' knawth		ɔː (*) is British pronunciation. north is 'n-awe-th' knawth. North American English pronounces this as /ɒ/. Eg. cot and caught.
	!~~Short~~
			ɘ has no jaw drop. called a 'schwa'
			!
	!Front		!Front
	!Central		!Central
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Close		\|Close
	\|ɪ k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror, '''e'''dition		\|ɪ Engl'''i'''sh sh'''i'''p, k'''i'''t, m'''i'''rror, '''e'''dition
	\|ʊ f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k		ɪː ch'''ee'''se, ch'''ee'''k
			\|ʊ p'''u'''ll b'''u'''ll, f'''oo'''t, c'''oo'''k
			ʊː m'''oo'''d f'''oo'''d
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mid		\|Mid
	\|e~~, ɛ dr~~'''e'''~~ss m~~'''e'''~~rry~~		\|e w'''e'''t p'''e'''t
	\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''		\|ə '''a'''go, sof'''a'''
	~~\|ɒ l~~'''o'''t, '''~~o'''range, ne'''o'''n~~		ɜː c'''er'''tain, b'''ir'''d, b'''ur'''n
	\|-		\|ɔː b'''or'''n sw'''or'''d
	~~\|Open~~
	~~\|æ tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a''~~'~~mbition~~
	~~\|ʌ c~~''~~'u'''rry~~, ~~'''u'''n-prefix~~
	\|
	\|-
	~~!Long~~
	~~!Front~~
	~~!Central~~
	~~!Back~~
	\|-
	\|b'''ea'''r
	~~\|ɜː~~ n~~'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry~~
	\|
	\|-
	~~\|Mid~~
	~~\|eə~~ b'''ea'''r
	~~\|ɜː~~ n'''~~ur'''se f'''ur~~'''ry
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Open		\|Open
	\|		\|æ c'''a'''t, tr'''a'''p, t'''a'''ttoo, '''a'''mbition
	\|		aː say ''''ahh'''<nowiki/>'
	~~\|ɑː~~ f'''a'''~~ther~~, br'''a''', st'''a'''rt		\|ʌ th'''u'''mb '''u'''p, c'''u'''rry, '''u'''n-prefix
	\|}		\|ɒ b'''o'''dy, l'''o'''t, '''o'''range, ne'''o'''n
	~~Canadian/American English pronounces /ɔː/ and /~~ɒ~~/ the same. Eg. cot and caught.~~		\|}Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs.

	Some vowels are combined, called diphthongs or triphthongs.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
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	\|}		\|}

	== Common Mistakes ==		==Common Mistakes==
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
	!Word		!Word
	!IPA		!IPA
	!Incorrect		!Incorrect and comment
	\|-		\|-
	\|mischievous		\|mischievous
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	\|/'traɪ'æθ a:lɒn/ (tri-ath-a-lon), with an extra syllable.		\|/'traɪ'æθ a:lɒn/ (tri-ath-a-lon), with an extra syllable.
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|draught
	\|		\|/'dræft/
	\|		\|/'drɔ:t/ or /'draʊt/ (drawt). augh here is like an 'af'.
			\|-
			\|worcestershire
			\|/'wʊstɘrʃɘr/
			\|the first 'r' is dropped. 'shire' is like in New Hampshire and sounds like 'sure'.
	\|}		\|}

Leo at 22:21, 23 May 2020

2020-05-23T22:21:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:21, 23 May 2020
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	\|-		\|-
	\|b'''ea'''r		\|b'''ea'''r
			\|ɜː n'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry
			\|
			\|-
			\|Mid
			\|eə b'''ea'''r
	\|ɜː n'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry		\|ɜː n'''ur'''se f'''ur'''ry
	\|		\|